@MastersThesis{Endo:2018:DeCoEc,
author = "Endo, Clarissa Akemi Kajiya",
title = "Determina{\c{c}}{\~a}o da conectividade ecol{\'o}gica entre as
ilhas oce{\^a}nicas brasileiras e a plataforma continental norte
e leste do Brasil",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2018",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2018-08-09",
keywords = "sparisoma, modelo baseado em indiv{\'{\i}}duo, molagem
biof{\'{\i}}sica, peixes recifais, atl{\^e}ntico tropical,
sparisoma, individual based model, biophysical modeling, reef
fish, tropical atlantic.",
abstract = "Popula{\c{c}}{\~o}es que ocupam diferentes regi{\~o}es n{\~a}o
est{\~a}o necessariamente isoladas, pois h{\'a} troca
gen{\'e}tica atrav{\'e}s do interc{\^a}mbio de
indiv{\'{\i}}duos o que possibilita a recoloniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o
e manuten{\c{c}}{\~a}o das popula{\c{c}}{\~o}es. Entender a
conectividade populacional {\'e} importante para o
estabelecimento de medidas de manejo de esp{\'e}cies
end{\^e}micas, amea{\c{c}}adas ou invasoras, especialmente em
ambientes de ilhas oce{\^a}nicas devido a sua elevada
import{\^a}ncia ecol{\'o}gica e por serem ambientes
sens{\'{\i}}veis aos impactos antr{\'o}picos. Assim, o objetivo
deste trabalho {\'e} determinar os padr{\~o}es de conectividade
ecol{\'o}gica entre as unidades de conserva{\c{c}}{\~a}o na
plataforma continental norte e leste e nas ilhas oce{\^a}nicas do
Brasil. O modelo hidrodin{\^a}mico Regional Oceanic Modelling
System - ROMS foi utilizado para fornecer os par{\^a}metros
f{\'{\i}}sicos do ambiente, utilizados pelo modelo baseado em
indiv{\'{\i}}duo Ichthyop (v.3.3). Este {\'u}ltimo utiliza
tamb{\'e}m dados biol{\'o}gicos de Sparisoma spp., popularmente
conhecidos como budi{\~a}o ou peixe-papagaio, para obter a
dispers{\~a}o dos est{\'a}gios iniciais do ciclo de vida. O
experimento biol{\'o}gico foi realizado para ver{\~a}o (Janeiro
e Fevereiro) e inverno (Julho e Agosto) do per{\'{\i}}odo entre
2008 e 2015, considerando as unidades de conserva{\c{c}}{\~a}o
na costa brasileira e as ilhas oce{\^a}nicas. Os resultados do
modelo hidrodin{\^a}mico foram comparados com dados de sensores
remotos, an{\'a}lises, rean{\'a}lises e boias e representaram
corretamente os principais processos oceanogr{\'a}ficos, com boa
representa{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos campos de temperatura, salinidade e
correntes superficiais. Os resultados mostraram a influ{\^e}ncia
sazonal da Zona de Converg{\^e}ncia Intertropical no oceano
subjacente e sua varia{\c{c}}{\~a}o sazonal, principalmente na
regi{\~a}o da bifurca{\c{c}}{\~a}o do ramo sul da Corrente Sul
Equatorial para a forma{\c{c}}{\~a}o da Corrente do Brasil e da
Corrente Norte do Brasil (CNB) e a retroflex{\~a}o da CNB. Os
resultados do modelo baseado em indiv{\'{\i}}duo mostram uma
baixo recrutamento e baixa conectividade entre as regi{\~o}es,
sendo que no ver{\~a}o apenas a Costa dos Corais {\'e} fonte de
larvas para as demais regi{\~o}es e Trindade {\'e} a {\'u}nica
ilha que apresenta auto-recrutamento. No inverno, a Costa dos
Corais, Recife dos Corais e Fernando de Noronha s{\~a}o fonte de
part{\'{\i}}culas para as demais regi{\~o}es, e o recrutamento
s{\'o} ocorre em Parcel do Manuel Luis, Recife dos Corais e em
Costa dos Corais. H{\'a} baixa conectividade entre as unidades de
conserva{\c{c}}{\~a}o presentes na costa brasileira,
evidenciando um cen{\'a}rio cr{\'{\i}}tico para a
conserva{\c{c}}{\~a}o de esp{\'e}cies de peixes recifais.
ABSTRACT: Populations that occupy different regions in the oceans
are not necessarily isolated, because there is a genetic exchange
through the migration of individuals, which has been a crucial
factor to allow the recolonization and the maintenance of these
populations. Therefore, the understanding of the population
connectivity is important in order to establish management
measures for endemic, threatened and invasive species. It is
especially important for environments such as oceanic islands,
where a great ecological importance and sensitivity to
anthropogenic impacts have been reported. Hence, the main
objective of this study is to determine the ecological
connectivity patterns in the North and East continental shelf and
oceanic islands of Brazil. Biophysical models are important tools
for this kind of investigation. This study used the hydrodynamical
model named Regional Oceanic Modelling System as the physical
component to provide the physical parameters for the individual
based model (Ichthyop v.3.3), which also requires biological and
reproductive information to obtain the dispersion of the early
life stages of Sparisoma spp. The biological experiments were
performed for the summer (January and February) and winter (July
and August) from 2008 until 2015 considering marine protected
areas in the Brazilian coast and its oceanic islands. The
hydrodynamical model results were validated with respect to remote
sensing and in situ observations, and analysis and reanalysis
products. The model exhibited the capability to accurately
represent the main oceanographic processes in the study region,
with good representation of temperature, salinity and surface
currents. The results showed the seasonal influence of the
Intertropical Convergence Zone in the ocean, particularly in the
bifurcation of the South Equatorial Current into the Brazil
Current and the Brazil North Current and the retroflection of the
Brazil North Current. The results from the individual based model
evidenced low recruitment and connectivity among all regions. In
summer only Costa dos Corais is a larvae source to the other
regions and Trindade island is the only to auto-recruit. In winter
Costa dos Corais, Recife dos Corais and Fernando de Noronha are
particle sources to the other regions, but recruitment is observed
in Parcel do Manuel Luis, Recife dos Corais and Costa dos Corais.
Overall, there is low connectivity among the marine protected
areas in Brazil, highlighting a critical scenario for reef fish
species conservation.",
committee = "Lorenzzetti, Jo{\~a}o Antonio (presidente) and Gherardi, Douglas
Francisco Marcolino (orientador) and Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi
(orientador) and Lotufo, Tito Monteiro da Cruz",
englishtitle = "Ecological connectivity among the Brazilian oceanic islands and
the north and east continental shelf",
language = "pt",
pages = "120",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34R/3RFQJBS",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34R/3RFQJBS",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}